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Several industrial and commercial buildings can reach heights of over 60 stories. Apparently, while these buildings are being built, they require equally tall cranes to be able to move the materials to the upper floors. There are cranes which have their own vehicle connected or other kinds that are operated from the rear of trucks. Tower cranes are the largest kinds offered on the market.
Tower cranes are the stand-alone structures that are usually seen on high-rise building projects. Normally, they are part of a major city's downtown skyline. When new construction such as apartment buildings and skyscrapers and commercial facilities like for example shopping center are being built, odds are a crane would be on site.
Types
The two key types of cranes can be distinguished by the manner in which their boom or jib raises supplies. The jib is the metal frame that extends from the main section. On a flat tower crane, the jib remains horizontal as it lifts things. On a luffing type of tower crane, the jib can ratchet to upward or downward angles. The lifting capacity for both types could range from 30,000 lbs. to 10,000 pounds
Body
The body of the crane is composed of a mast. This is a vertical steel frame which is a combination of individual sections. So as to increase the overall height of the machine, parts are added. The mast extends upward to where the desired height is, to the control module, which is a small room which has glass windows on all four sides or to the tower as it is also called. The crane operator works from inside of the tower.
Lift
To lift supplies, the crane uses a braided metal cord. The cord extends all the way to the end of the jib or boom from a motor situated near the control module. There is a pulley system located at the end of the jib, through which the cord is positioned and lowered down. The jib which holds the cord becomes balanced by a counter jib situated on the tower's opposite side. The counter jib has weights. These weights help to prevent the crane from tipping over when lifting heavy supplies.
The hydraulic truck crane is a specialized mobile crane which uses hydraulic power to raise and move thousands of pounds. Hydraulics utilizes forces being transmitted through oil pushing in opposite directions on the boom's pistons so as to lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulic truck cranes are important in constructing major projects like airports, bridges, buildings and streets. A crane could complete in minutes jobs which will normally take a lot of hours and hundreds of men to complete.
The great machines are commonly used in the building of cities, homes, entire nations and individual buildings throughout the ages. Even Egypt's Great Pyramids were likely built utilizing basic cranes to allow the heaviest supplies in one of the most awesome construction projects of all time.
The first cranes were established during 3000 B.C. Egypt in King Ramses'' reign. This lifting device was originally utilized to collect water. The first official "cranes" appeared during Ancient Greece. These mechanism were utilized to create a whole country in the 5th century B.C.
These cranes were initially made out of wood. The designs of cranes began to change when dockyards began to require stronger and larger equipments. Hick & Rothwell developed the very first cast iron cranes within Bolton, England, during the year 1834. This equipment can lift as much as 2 tons. That very same year, the addition of wire rope was added to the crane by Herr Albert Sr. who was an Official of the German Superior Board. The wire rope made the crane stronger and more durable. This addition allowed cranes to have a larger capacity to lift heavy weights.
The wire ropes were weaved together forming a more powerful rope with even more strength. The newly formed wire also added more flexibility. Germany started to make cast iron cranes 4 years later. The very first cast iron crane made by Germany was built within Neuburg.
